| 69 | 0 | 17 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
河流潜流水交换过程对大型无脊椎动物群落结构的影响，是当前河流生态水文研究的热点问题。作为黄河流域的重要一级支流，渭河流域的生态状况对整个黄河流域生态系统健康具有重要指示作用。研究聚焦于渭河流域，探讨潜流交换强度和不同重金属污染程度对大型无脊椎动物群落结构的影响。于2023年10月至11月在渭河、泾河和北洛河的12个采样点，采用垂直管水头下降法测定垂向渗透系数和潜流交换通量，同时测定沉积物中重金属含量和粒径分布及大型无脊椎动物信息。研究结果表明：(1)通过12个采样点，共采集到大型无脊椎动物277个，隶属3门、4纲、8目、15科、18属、20种，其中节肢类动物最多，软体动物次之。间摇蚊属的平均密度最高，而梨形环棱螺的生物量最高。基于生物学污染指数(BPI)分级标准，各监测点沉积物总体处于轻-中度污染水平；而依据科级生物指数(FPI)分级标准，各监测点沉积物总体处于清洁水平。(2)研究区的综合污染状况处于轻度至中度污染水平，其中As污染相对严重，重金属(Zn和Pb)与大型无脊椎动物的丰富度呈正相关；(3)垂向渗透系数(Kv)在0.23～3.50(m/d),不同河流差异明显，潜流交换以下降流为主，垂向渗透系数和潜流交换通量对大型无脊椎群落产生了显著影响。研究成果可为黄河流域水生态系统健康维护提供理论支持，并为黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展提供科学依据。
Abstract：The impact of hyporheic exchange on the community structure of macroinvertebrates is a crucial topic in current river ecosystem health research. As a primary tributary of the Yellow River, the ecological status of the Weihe River Basin serves as a critical indicator of the overall health of the Yellow River ecosystem. In this study, we focus on the Weihe River Basin to explore the effects of hyporheic exchange intensity and different degrees of heavy metals pollution on the structure of macroinvertebrate communities. Macroinvertebrate and sediment samples were collected from 12 sites along the mainstream Wei River, Jing River, and Beiluo River from October to November 2023. The falling-head permeameter test method was employed to measure the hydraulic conductivity and hyporheic exchange flux, while sediment heavy metal content, particle size distribution, and macroinvertebrate information were also determined. The research has 3 major findings:(1)a total of 277 macroinvertebrates, belonging to 3 phylums, 4 class, 8 orders, 15 families, 18 genera and 20 species, were collected from the 12 sampling sites, among which arthropods were the most abundant, followed by mollusks.The highest average density was found in the Tanytarsus, while the highest biomass was found in the Bellamya purificata. Based on the Biological Pollution Index(BPI) classification criteria, the sediments at each monitoring site are generally at light to moderate pollution levels, while based on the Family Biotic Index(FPI) classification criteria, the sediments at each monitoring site are generally at clean levels;(2)the comprehensive pollution status of the study area was at a light to moderate pollution level, with relatively severe As pollution. Heavy metals(Zn, Pb) were positively correlated with the richness of macroinvertebrates;(3)the vertical hydraulic conductivity(Kv) of the hyporheic zone varied between 0.23 and 3.50(m/d), showing significant differences in different rivers. Hyporheic water exchange is mainaly downwelling. The research findings provide theoretical support for understanding the maintenance of aquatic ecosystem health in the Yellow River Basin. They also offer a scientific basis for ecological protection and high-quality development in the region.
[1] PERALTA-MARAVER I,REISS J,ROBERTSON A L.Interplay of hydrology,community ecology and pollutant attenuation in the hyporheic zone[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,610/611:267-275.
[2] 张跃伟，袁兴中，刘红，等.环境因素对黑水滩河上游河段潜流层大型无脊椎动物群落的影响[J].生态学杂志，2015,34(9):2512-2520.ZHANG Y W,YUAN X Z,LIU H,et al.Influence of environmental factors on hyporheic macroinvertebrate assemblage in the upper reaches of Heishuitan River [J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2015,34(9):2512-2520.
[3] 彭芸，李长江.贵州山区河流健康评价大型底栖无脊椎动物指标探究[J].水利规划与设计，2024(8):37- 41.PENG Y,LI C J.Exploration of macrobenthic invertebrate indicators for river health assessment in mountainous areas of Guizhou Province[J].Water Rsources Planning and Design,2024(8):37- 41.
[4] 刘彦随，夏军，王永生，等.黄河流域人地系统协调与高质量发展[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2022,52(3):357-370.LIU Y S,XIA J,WANG Y S,et al.Coordinated human-earth system and high-quality development in Yellow River Basin[J].Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition),2022,52(3):357-370.
[5] 李阳坤.潜流带沉积物中典型重金属污染物的吸附-解吸特性研究[D].郑州：华北水利水电大学，2021.
[6] JIN G Q,ZHANG Z T,LI R Z,et al.Transport of zinc ions in the hyporheic zone:Experiments and simulations[J].Advances in Water Resources,2020,146:103775.
[7] MOLDOVAN O T,LEVEI E,MARIN C,et al.Spatial distribution patterns of the hyporheic invertebrate communities in a polluted river in Romania[J].Hydrobiologia,2011,669(1):63-82.
[8] BOULTON A J,DATRY T,KASAHARA T,et al.Ecology and management of the hyporheic zone:Stream-groundwater interactions of running waters and their floodplains[J].Journal of the North American Benthological Society,2010,29(1):26-40.
[9] 张跃伟，袁兴中，刘红，等.溪流潜流层大型无脊椎动物生态学研究进展[J].应用生态学报，2014,25(11):3357-3365.ZHANG Y W,YUAN X Z,LIU H,et al.Research advances in macroinvertebrate ecology of the stream hyporheic zone[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2014,25(11):3357-3365.
[10] OREMO J,ORATA F,OWINO J,et al.Assessment of heavy metals in benthic macroinvertebrates,water and sediments in River Isiukhu,Kenya[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2019,191(11):646.
[11] LIN Q D,SONG J X,GUALTIERI C,et al.Effect of hyporheic exchange on macroinvertebrate community in the Weihe River Basin,China[J].Water,2020,12(2):457.
[12] AHAMAD M I,SONG J X,SUN H T,et al.Contamination level,ecological risk,and source identification of heavy metals in the hyporheic zone of the Weihe River,China[J].International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,2020,17(3):1070.
[13] FREITAS J G,RIVETT M O,ROCHE R S,et al.Heterogeneous hyporheic zone dechlorination of a TCE groundwater plume discharging to an urban river reach[J].Science of the Total Environment,2015,505:236-252.
[14] WANG X X,SU P,LIN Q D,et al.Distribution,assessment and coupling relationship of heavy metals and macroinvertebrates in sediments of the Weihe River Basin[J].Sustainable Cities and Society,2019,50:101665.
[15] BERE T,DALU T,MWEDZI T.Detecting the impact of heavy metal contaminated sediment on benthic macroinvertebrate communities in tropical streams[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,572:147-156.
[16] SUN C,XIA L X,ZHANG M,et al.The impacts of different seasons on macroinvertebrate community structure and functional diversity in the Jingui River,China[J].Global Ecology and Conservation,2024:51:e02876.
[17] 王欣欣.渭河流域河床沉积物重金属污染水平及其生物效应研究[D].西安：西北大学，2020.
[18] 姜彬，尹涵，李春雨，等.黄河支流陕西段渭河流域沿岸农业土壤肥力综合评价[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2024,54(3):387-397.JIANG B,YIN H,LI C Y,et al.Comprehensive evaluation of agricultural soil fertility along the Weihe River Basin in Shaanxi Province,a tributary of the Yellow River[J].Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition),2024,54(3):387-397.
[19] GAO X D,LIU Y X,TANG C C,et al.Evaluating river health through respirogram metrics:Insights from the Weihe River Basin,China[J].Science of The Total Environment,2024,919:170805.
[20] 夏小强，张乐，要丽娟，等.基于AHP-模糊综合评价法的渭河河流健康评价[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2024,54(3):413- 423.XIA X Q,ZHANG L,YAO L J,et al.Research on the health of Weihe River based on AHP Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation[J].Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition),2024,54(3):413-423.
[21] 赵彦博，赵广举，穆兴民，等.渭河流域植被变化调控输沙的覆盖度阈值[J].水土保持研究，2024,31(6):96-102,108.ZHAO Y B,ZHAO G J,MU X M,et al.Influence and threshold of vegetation change on sediment load in the Weihe River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(6):96-102,108.
[22] WU C C,LU C P,CHEN J,et al.Spatio-temporal variability of hydraulic conductivity in the floodplain riverbank of a hyporheic zone[J].Catena,2023,228:107172.
[23] CHEN X H.Streambed hydraulic conductivity for rivers in south-central Nebraska[J].Journal of the American Water Resources Association,2004,40(3):561-573.
[24] WANG L P,JIANG W W,SONG J X,et al.Investigating spatial variability of vertical water fluxes through the streambed in distinctive stream morphologies using temperature and head data[J].Hydrogeology Journal,2017,25(5):1283-1299.
[25] DOU Q M,DU X,CONG Y F,et al.Influence of environmental variables on macroinvertebrate community structure in Lianhuan Lake[J].Ecology and Evolution,2022,12(2):e8553.
[26] 杨秀英，郑芳文，雷祥，等.长江中下游抚河流域沉积物重金属分布特征及来源[J].南昌工程学院学报，2023,42(6):29-37.YANG X Y,ZHENG F W,LEI X,et al.Distribution characteristics and sources of heavy metals in sediments of Fuhe River Basin in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River[J].Journal of Nanchang Institute of Technology,2023,42(6):29-37.
[27] 刘瑞东，纪腾蛟，齐娟娟，等.底栖动物生物评价指数在水环境监测中的应用[J].环境与发展，2024,36(5):70-74.LIU R D,JI T J,QI J J,et al.Application of benthic biological evaluation index in water environment monitoring[J].Environment and Development,2024,36(5):70-74.
[28] 金光球，张中天，袁海钰，等.河流潜流带地表-地下水过程对典型水生生物活动的响应研究进展[J].水科学进展，2022,33(5):835-847.JIN G Q,ZHANG Z T,YUAN H Y,et al.Advances in the response of surface-subsurface water exchange to activities of typical aquatic organisms in the hyporheic zone of rivers[J].Advances in Water Science,2022,33(5):835-847.
[29] 朱晨曦，莫康乐，唐磊，等.漓江大型底栖动物功能摄食类群时空分布及生态效应[J].生态学报，2020,40(1):60-69.ZHU C X,MO K L,TANG L,et al.Spatial-temporal distribution and ecological effects of macroinvertebrate functional feeding groups in the Lijiang River[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2020,40(1):60-69.
[30] 史会剑，李玄，王海艳，等.黄河三角洲潮间带大型底栖无脊椎动物群落结构与分布特征[J].海洋科学，2021,45(2):11-21.SHI H J,LI X,WANG H Y,et al.Community characteristics and spatial distribution of invertebrate macrobenthos in intertidal zone of the Yellow River Delta[J].Marine Sciences,2021,45(2):11-21.
[31] 孟晓郁，王慧杰，田晓，等.保定空气PM2.5中金属元素特征及健康风险评价[J].环境科学与技术，2020,43(4):199-207.MENG X Y,WANG H J,TIAN X,et al.Characteristics of metal elements and health risk assessment in PM2.5 of Baoding[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2020,43(4):199-207.
[32] 倪宇航，韩志伟，易世蓉，等.改性棉杆基生物炭对土壤重金属污染物吸附性能研究[J].干旱环境监测，2024,38(4):151-157.NI Y H,HAN Z W,YI S R,et al.Study on adsorption performance of modified cotton stalk based biochar for heavy metal pollutants in Soil[J].Arid Environmental Monitoring,2024,38(4):151-157.
[33] 冯博鑫，徐多勋，张宏宇，等.基于最小数据集的周至地区土壤重金属地球化学特征及成因分析[J].西北地质，2023,56(1):284-292.FENG B X,XU D X,ZHANG H Y,et al.Geochemical characteristic of heavy metal in Zhouzhi Area and analysis of their causes based on minimum data set[J].Northwestern Geology,2023,56(1):284-292.
[34] 赵亮，王学勇，王岱峰，等.床面形态渗透率对潜流交换特性的影响[J].上海大学学报(自然科学版),2023,29(6):1104-1114.ZHAO L,WANG X Y,WANG D F,et al.Experimental investigation on the impact of bedform permeability on hyporheic exchange characteristics[J].Journal of Shanghai University(Natural Science Edition),2023,29(6):1104-1114.
[35] 冯硕，王宏涛，张晶，等.赤水河流域不同干扰强度下河床底质异质性对底栖动物物种多样性影响分析[J].环境科学学报，2025,45(5):469-478.FENG S,WANG H T,ZHANG J,et al.Effects of riverbed substrate heterogeneity on benthic species diversity under different disturbance intensities in the Chishui River Basin[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2025,45(5):469-478.
[36] 张跃伟.山地河流潜流层大型无脊椎动物生态学研究[D].重庆：重庆大学，2015.
[37] 赵贵章，谢思敏，张勃，等.湖底沉积物渗透系数空间变异性分析[J].华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版),2024,45(5):78-84.ZHAO G Z,XIE S M,ZHANG B,et al.Spatial variability analysis of the permeability coefficient of lake sediments[J].Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power(Natural Science Edition),2024,45(5):78-84.
基本信息:
DOI：10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-04-001
中图分类号:X52
引用信息:
[1]宋进喜,张超松,程丹东等.渭河流域河流潜流水交换和重金属污染对大型无脊椎动物群落结构的影响[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2025,55(04):679-691.DOI:10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-04-001.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金(42230513,42471028)