2025 01 v.55 85-97
面向文化遗产知识传播的百戏俑VR体验系统
基金项目(Foundation):
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1523301)
邮箱(Email):
wenchao@nwu.edu.cn;
DOI:
10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-01-007
中文作者单位:
西北大学智能交互与信息艺术研究中心;西北大学信息科学与技术学院;
摘要(Abstract):
秦始皇陵及兵马俑坑作为世界文化遗产，承载着深厚的中华民族精神与血脉。在秦陵K9901陪葬坑出土的百戏俑，生动反映了秦代百戏艺术等宫廷娱乐活动及百戏艺人形象，为后人了解秦代社会提供了一个新的视角，具有重要历史、艺术和科学价值。当前已有秦俑数字化工作主要围绕兵马俑陪葬坑及文物展开，鲜有以百戏俑为对象的数字化研究与实践。该文旨在针对百戏俑这一重要文化遗产，利用虚拟现实(VR)技术对秦百戏俑的知识传播与体验问题展开研究。首先，对百戏俑三维模型数据进行处理和加工，通过基于人工势场的重定向行走和基于球体相交的碰撞检测算法，引导用户在VR环境中的运动，实现了复杂交互动作的实时与精确反馈；其次，采用基于学习的渐进式设计方法，搭建了秦百戏俑VR体验系统；最后，结合技术接受与使用统一理论(UTAUT)模型和用户行为倾向，从知识传播效果(KDR)、有用性(PE)、易用性(EE) 3个方面对百戏俑VR与传统传播方式(纪录片和网页)进行比较研究，并对用户体验数据及其差异性等做分析评估。实验结果表明，与传统方式相比，百戏俑VR体验系统显著提高了用户的学习动机和探索意愿，增强了受众对百戏俑文化遗产的知识体验，为面向年轻群体的文化遗产知识传播提供了有效的解决方案。
关键词(KeyWords):
虚拟现实;百戏俑;文化遗产知识传播;人工势场;用户体验
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参考文献
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[29] GONG Q,ZOU N,YANG W J,et al.User experience model and design strategies for virtual reality-based cultural heritage exhibition[J].Virtual Reality,2024,28(2):69.
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[2] 段清波.秦始皇帝陵园相关问题研究[D].西安：西北大学，2007.
[3] 袁仲一.关于秦陵百戏俑几个问题的探讨[J].文博，2000(4):54-60.
[4] 段清波，郭宝发，张颖岚，等.秦始皇陵园K9901试掘简报[J].考古，2001(1):59-73.
[5] 贺西林.百戏与百戏俑[J].文物天地，2002(10):42-44.
[6] 陈四海.秦始皇陵园出土的乐器、百戏俑考[J].音乐研究，2005(3):35-41.
[7] 刘军.基于三维模型内蕴结构的文物虚拟重建方法及应用研究[D].西安：西北大学，2019.
[8] 耿国华，何雪磊，王美丽，等.文化遗产活化关键技术研究进展[J].中国图象图形学报，2022,27(6):1988-2007.GENG G H,HE X L,WANG M L,et al.Research progress on key technologies of cultural heritage activation[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2022,27(6):1988-2007.
[9] 耿国华，冯龙，李康，等.秦陵文物数字化及虚拟复原研究综述[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2021,51(5):710-721.GENG G H,FENG L,LI K,et al.A literature review on the digitization and virtual restoration of cultural relics in the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang[J].Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition),2021,51(5):710-721.
[10] SHOBARUDDIN M,HENDRAWAN M R,BAFADHAL A S.Multi-disaster risk mitigation through augmented reality conservation map for enhancing cultural heritage attitude[J].Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal.2024,9(SI18):205-213.
[11] BEKELE M K,PIERDICCA R,FRONTONI E et al.A survey of augmented,virtual,and mixed reality for cultural heritage[J].Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage,2018,11(2):1-36.
[12] CH’NG E,CAI S,LEOW F T,et al.Adoption and use of emerging cultural technologies in China’s museums[J].Journal of Cultural Heritage,2019,37:170-180.
[13] CH’NG E,LI Y,CAI S D,et al.The effects of VR environments on the acceptance,experience,and expectations of cultural heritage learning[J].Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage,2020,13(1):1-21.
[14] SYLAIOU S,DAFIOTIS P,KOUKOPOULOS D,et al.From physical to virtual art exhibitions and beyond:Survey and some issues for consideration for the metaverse[J].Journal of Cultural Heritage,2024,66:86-98.
[15] MORTARA M,CATALANO C E.3D Virtual environments as effective learning contexts for cultural heritage[J].Italian Journal of Educational Technology,2018,26(2):5-21.
[16] CANNAVò A,PACCHIOTTI S,RETTA N,et al.Passive haptics and conversational avatars for interacting with ancient Egypt remains in high-fidelity virtual reality experiences[J].Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage,2024,17(2):1-28.
[17] WEN C,LUO X.Virtual art experience on cultural heritage information with construction of evaluation criteria[C]//2018 4th International Conference on Humanities and Social Science Research.Wuxi,China:Atlantis Press,2018:447-452.
[18] FU X Y,ZHU Y X,XIAO Z J,et al.Restore VR:Generating embodied knowledge and situated experience of dunhuang mural conservation via interactive virtual reality[C]//Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.Honolulu,USA:ACM,2020:1-13.
[19] SCAVARELLI A,ARYA A,TEATHER R J.Virtual reality and augmented reality in social learning spaces:A literature review[J].Virtual Reality,2021,25(1):257-277.
[20] HORST R,NARAGHI-TAGHI-OFF R,RAU L,et al.Back to reality:Transition techniques from short HMD-based virtual experiences to the physical world[J].Multimedia Tools and Applications,2024,83(15):46683-46706.
[21] MELENDRERAS RUIZ R,SáNCHEZALLEGUE P,MARíNTORRES M T,et al.Analysis of the user experience (On site vs.Virtual Reality) through biological markers and cognitive tests in museums:The case of Museo Cristo de la Sangre (Murcia,Spain)[J].Virtual Reality,2024,28(1):48.
[22] PETRELLI D,ROBERTS A J.Exploring digital means to engage visitors with Roman culture:Virtual reality vs.Tangible interaction[J].Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage,2023,16(4):1-18.
[23] JIN S,FAN M,KADIR A.Immersive spring morning in the Han Palac:Learning traditional Chinese art via virtual reality and multi-touch tabletop[J].International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction,2022,38(3):213-226.
[24] GAO L,WAN B,LIU G,et al.Investigating the effectiveness of virtual reality for culture learning[J].International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction,2021,37(18):1771-1781.
[25] FEINBERG R R,LAKSHMI U,GOLINO M J,et al.ZenVR:Design evaluation of a virtual reality learning system for meditation[C]//Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.New Orleans,USA:ACM,2022:1-15.
[26] VENKATESH V,MORRIS M G,DAVIS G B,et al.User acceptance of information technology:Toward a unified view[J].MIS Quarterly,2003:425.
[27] 高芙蓉，高雪莲.国外信息技术接受模型研究述评[J].研究与发展管理，2011,23(2):95-105.GAO F R,GAO X L.A review on foreign infomation technology acceptance models[J].R & D Management,2011,23(2):95-105.
[28] PAULSEN L,DAU S,DAVIDSEN J.Designing for collaborative learning in immersive virtual reality:A systematic literature review[J].Virtual Reality,2024,28(1):63.
[29] GONG Q,ZOU N,YANG W J,et al.User experience model and design strategies for virtual reality-based cultural heritage exhibition[J].Virtual Reality,2024,28(2):69.
[30] LI J J,ZHENG Z X,CHAI Y Q,et al.DianTea:Designing and evaluating an immersive virtual reality game to enhance youth tea culture learning[C]//Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Mobile Human Computer Interaction.Athens,Greece:ACM,2023,26:1-8.
[31] 汤慧，周明全，耿国华.基于区域分割的低覆盖点云配准算法[J].计算机应用，2019,39 (11):3355-3360.TAGN H,ZHOU M Q,GENG G H.Low coverage point cloud registration algorithm based on region segmentation[J].Journal of Computer Applications,2019,39(11):3355-3360.
[32] LI Y J,STEINICKE F,WANG M.A comprehensive review of redirected walking techniques:Taxonomy,methods,and future directions[J].Journal of Computer Science and Technology,2022,37(3):561-583.
[33] CHEN J J,HUNG H C,SUN Y R,et al.APF-S2T:Steering to target redirection walking based on artificial potential fields[J].IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics,2024,30(5):2464-2473.
[34] BACHMANN E R,HODGSON E,HOFFBAUER C,et al.Multi-user redirected walking and resetting using artificial potential fields[J].IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics,2019,25(5):2022-2031.
[35] JIN S,FAN M,WANG Y C,et al.Reconstructing traditional Chinese paintings with immersive virtual reality[C]//2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.Honolulu,USA:ACM,2020:1-8.
[36] NEAMU C,COMES R,POPOVICI D M,et al.Evaluating user experience in the context of cultural heritage dissemination using extended reality:A case study of the Dacian bronze matrix with hollow design[J].Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage,2024,17(2):1-21.
[37] HU H,LI Q H,CAO X X.METH research on design paradigm of cultural heritage based on embodied cognition[J].International Journal of Human Computer Interaction,2022(7):1-12.
[38] ZOTOS S,LEMONARI M,KONSTANTINOU M,et al.Digitizing wildlife:The case of a reptile 3-D virtual museum[J].IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,2022,42(5):51-65.
[39] MAKRANSKY G,TERKILDSEN T S,MAYER R E.Adding immersive virtual reality to a science lab simulation causes more presence but less learning[J].Learning and Instruction,2019,60:225-236.
基本信息:
DOI：10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-01-007
中图分类号:G206;TP391.9;K879.3
引用信息:
[1]徐锦宁,温超,耿国华等.面向文化遗产知识传播的百戏俑VR体验系统[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2025,55(01):85-97.DOI:10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-01-007.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1523301)