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负压波法适合碳捕获、利用与封存(carbon capture utilization and storage, CCUS)技术的CO2管道泄漏定位检测，但超临界CO2管输周边环境及管内高压产生的噪声，影响了定位的准确性。为此，选择小波变换对含噪声的压力信号进行分解降噪，采用TGNET模拟软件建立CO2管道泄漏模型，通过对比Botros的激波管泄放试验验证了泄漏模型的可行性。使用该泄漏模型对含噪声的压力信号进行小波降噪，再对降噪后的数据进行压差转化和互相关分析，最终得到各组压力传感器接收到压力信号的具体时间差。该泄漏模型还应用到了延长油田360 000 t/a超临界CO2管输方案，对人为设定的泄漏口压力噪声进行小波降噪和互相关分析。研究表明，经小波降噪后的压力信号更为稳定、精确，能够得到准确的时间差，为后续负压波法精确定位泄漏点位置提供了依据。
Abstract：Negative pressure wave method is suitable for CO2 pipeline leakage location detection in CCUS technology, but the noise generated by the surrounding environment and the high pressure in the supercritical CO2 pipeline affects the positioning accuracy. In this paper, the wavelet transform was applied to decompose and denoise the pressure signal with noise, and the CO2 pipeline leakage model was established by TGNET simulation software, the feasibility of the leakage model was verified by comparing the shock tube discharge test of Botros. The leakage model was used to denoise the pressure signal with noise using wavelet denoising method, then, the denoised data was processed using the pressure difference conversion and cross-correlation analysis. Finally, the specific time difference of the pressure signal received by each group of pressure sensors was obtained. The leakage model was also applied to the 360 000 t/a supercritical CO2 pipeline transportation scheme in Yanchang Oilfield, and the wavelet noise reduction and cross-correlation analysis of artificially set leakage port pressure noise were carried out. The research shows that the pressure signal after wavelet denoising is more stable and accurate, and the accurate time difference can be obtained, which provides a basis for the subsequent negative pressure wave method to accurately locate the leakage point.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-05-002
中图分类号:X701
引用信息:
[1]陈兵,祖江涛,毕鉴,等.小波降噪算法在CO_2管道中的泄漏精确定位[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2025,55(05):956-969.DOI:10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-05-002.
基金信息:
国家重大工程延长石油碳捕集和驱油封存一体化示范项目子项基金资助项目(ycsy2015ky-B-02); 陕西省重点研发计划(2022SF-233); 西安石油大学研究生创新项目立项基金资助项目(YCS23114184)