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河西走廊是中原农耕文化与北方游牧文化的融通之地，亦是丝绸之路的交通要道，有效保护河西走廊文化遗产对勾勒文明经纬、彰显文化自信具有重要意义。以河西走廊地区的文保单位作为研究对象，利用ArcGIS空间分析技术，采用最邻近指数、核密度、重心模型、标准差椭圆等系统分析方法探索河西走廊文化遗产的时空分布特征，借助地理探测器模型探究其空间分布的自然主导因素。选取海拔、坡向、土壤、森林、植被、地形、河网密度等10项自然因子，辨识其对文化遗产保护的影响与交互作用。结果表明：(1)在空间密度上，文保单位整体上呈“东南密、西北疏、小集聚”的空间分布特征，密度核心区主要分布在丝绸之路沿线；(2)在时空分布特征上，古遗址、古墓葬、古建筑及近现代文保单位呈“东南向”集聚，石窟寺及石刻呈“西北向”集聚，各历史时期的文保单位沿北西—南东方向往复迁移；(3)影响河西走廊文化遗产保护的自然主导因素有植被、地形地貌、土壤小类3个因素，且具有双因子增强属性。
Abstract：The Hexi Corridor is a place where the Central Plains' agricultural culture and the north's nomadic culture blend, and it is also a transportation hub of the Silk Road. Reasonable protection and utilization of the cultural heritage resources of the Hexi Corridor are of great significance for delineating the longitude and latitude of civilization and demonstrating cultural confidence. This paper takes the cultural protection unit in the Hexi Corridor as the research sample and explores the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the cultural heritage in the Hexi Corridor with the help of spatial analysis technology of ArcGIS and systematic analysis methods such as closest-neighbor index, kernel density, center of gravity model, and standard deviation ellipse, etc., and explores the main driving factors of spatial variations with the help of geodetic detector model. Ten natural factors, such as elevation, slope direction, soil, forest, vegetation, topography, and river network density, were selected to identify their effects and interactions on the spatial distribution of cultrualheritage. The results show that:(1) in terms of spatial density, the heritage resources as a whole are "dense in the southeast, sparse in the northwest, small clusters" of spatial distribution characteristics, density of the core area is mainly distributed along the Silk Road.(2) In the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics, ancient sites, ancient tombs, buildings, and modern times are clustered in the southeast. In contrast, grotto temples are clustered in the northwest, the heritage of the historical period of cultural protection unit along the northwest-southeast oriented back-and-forth migration.(3) The dominant factors affecting the spatial distribution of cultural protection unit in the Hexi Corridor include three factors, namely, vegetation, topography, and soil subclasses, with two-factor enhancement attributes.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-01-015
中图分类号:K878;K901
引用信息:
[1]沈妍,徐卫民,温超等.河西走廊文化遗产时空分布特征及自然影响因素分析[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2025,55(01):180-192.DOI:10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-01-015.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金(41572179); 国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA188); 国家重点研发计划项目课题(2020YFC1523301); 2024年陕西省教育厅社科一般专项