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生态修复治理是构建生态文明、保障国家生态安全、推动经济社会绿色转型和高质量发展的关键战略举措。作为我国重要的水源区和生态功能区，黄河流域生态修复治理对于我国生态文明建设具有重要意义。该文以黄河流域56个城市为考察样本，从水资源利用、生态吸收能力、生态环境保护能力、生态承载能力四方面出发，构建黄河流域城市生态修复程度评价指标体系，使用熵权Topsis法对2011—2022年黄河流域各个城市的生态修复程度进行测度，运用时序演进特征、核密度方法对测度结果进行分析。(1)整体来看，黄河流域城市生态修复水平基本表现为稳步上升的时序特征，城市生态修复事业发展速度不断加快。从城市截面来看，黄河流域各城市之间生态修复指数差异较为明显；分流域来看，在样本考察期内，黄河流域56个城市生态修复发展状况呈现向好态势。同时，黄河流域各个城市生态修复水平呈现较强的动态收敛性特征，各个城市之间的生态修复水平差异逐渐缩小。(2)从子系统指数来看，黄河流域城市生态修复水平整体呈现良好态势。四个子系统生态修复指数增长幅度大小排序依次为：生态吸收能力>水资源利用能力>生态承载能力>生态保护能力。此外，使用Tobit模型进一步探讨黄河流域城市生态修复的驱动因素。经济发展水平、财政支持水平、产业结构转变、绿色创新水平、政府关注程度提高都显著促进了黄河流域城市生态修复水平提升。对外开放中的进出口贸易是主要抑制力，显著抑制了黄河流域生态修复发展。
Abstract：Ecological restoration and governance is a key strategic measure for building an ecological civilization, ensuring national ecological security, and promoting the green transformation and high-quality development of the economy and society. As an important water source area and ecological function zone in China, the ecological restoration and governance of the Yellow River Basin is of great significance to China's ecological civilization construction.This paper takes 56 cities in the Yellow River Basin as the research sample, and constructs an evaluation index system for the degree of ecological restoration of cities in the Yellow River Basin from four aspects: water resource utilization, ecological absorption capacity, ecological environmental protection capacity, and ecological carrying capacity. The entropy weight Topsis method is used to measure the degree of ecological restoration of each city in the Yellow River Basin from 2011 to 2022, and the measurement results are analyzed using the time series evolution characteristics and Kernel Density method. The results indicate that:(1) Overall, the level of urban ecological restoration in the Yellow River Basin demonstrates a consistent upward trend, accompanied by an accelerating pace of development. A cross-sectional analysis reveals significant disparities in the ecological restoration index among the cities within the basin. Throughout the study period, the ecological restoration efforts across the 56 cities exhibite positive momentum, along with a notable dynamic convergence in ecological restoration levels, leading to a gradual reduction of differences among cities.(2) An examination of the subsystem indices indicates a favorable trend in the overall level of urban ecological restoration in the Yellow River Basin. The ranking of growth in the ecological restoration indices for the four subsystems is as follows: ecological absorption capacity> water resource utilization capacity> ecological carrying capacity> ecological protection capacity. Furthermore, the Tobit model is utilized to investigate the driving factors influencing urban ecological restoration in the Yellow River Basin. The results reveal that levels of economic development, financial support, industrial structure transformation, green innovation, and government engagement significantly contribute to the enhancement of urban ecological restoration levels. The import and export trade that is open to the outside world emerges as a primary inhibitory force, significantly suppressing the advancement of ecological restoration in the Yellow River Basin.
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(1)56个城市分别为:兰州、嘉峪关、金昌、天水、武威、张掖、平凉、庆阳、定西、西宁、银川、石嘴山、吴忠、呼和浩特、包头、乌海、鄂尔多斯、巴彦淖尔、乌兰察布、太原、大同、阳泉、长治、晋城、朔州、晋中、运城、忻州、临汾、吕梁、济南、淄博、东营、济宁、泰安、德州、聊城、滨州、菏泽、郑州、开封、洛阳、安阳、鹤壁、新乡、焦作、濮阳、三门峡、西安、铜川、宝鸡、咸阳、渭南、延安、榆林、商洛。
基本信息:
DOI：10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-04-006
中图分类号:X171.4
引用信息:
[1]苏永伟,高红霞.黄河流域生态修复测度、空间分布及影响因素——基于黄河流域56个城市面板数据的分析[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2025,55(04):759-771.DOI:10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-04-006.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金(41977412); 2024年山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2024-100); 2024年山西省留学回国人员科技活动择优资助项目(20240018)的阶段性成果
2025-08-25
2025-08-25