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探究空间格网尺度下中国碳排放不平等的时空演变特征，是制定更具有针对性和精细化的减少碳不平等政策的有效途径。鉴于此，采用分配模型、窗口分析等方法，在碳排放和人类福祉空间化的基础上，探讨了中国碳不平等空间分布及其演化特征，提出可能实现减少碳不平等的政策建议。结果表明：2000—2020年全国的碳排放和人类福祉整体呈上升趋势，但碳排放增速有所下降，人类福祉增速保持平稳；碳排放较密集的区域呈现出连片扩张分布趋势，省会城市和大都市群的碳排放远高于小城市和农村地区；人类福祉高值区不断向四周扩张，在人口密集区高值分布更集中；碳基尼系数的高值呈现增长态势，高值区域主要分布在东北地区、中部地区和西南地区的部分省份；碳排放和人类福祉分布不均导致区域内碳不平等不断恶化，碳排放高值区与人类福祉收益高值区不匹配使得全国整体的碳不平等加剧。研究成果可为探索碳不平等空间分布提供新的思路，也为气候政策的制定提供依据。
Abstract：The purpose of this study is to explore the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of carbon emission inequality in China at the spatial grid scale, providing effective pathways for formulating more targeted and refined policies to reduce carbon inequality. Based on the spatial allocation of carbon emissions and human well-being using a distribution model and window analysis, the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of carbon inequality were analyzed, and potential policy recommendations for reducing carbon inequality were proposed. The results indicate that from 2000 to 2020, the national carbon emissions and human well-being both showed an overall upward trend. However, while the growth rate of carbon emissions declined, the growth rate of human well-being remained stable. Carbon emissions exhibited a clustered and spatially expanding distribution pattern, with provincial capitals and metropolitan areas demonstrating significantly higher emission levels compared to small cities and rural regions. Similarly, high-value zones of human well-being showed continuous outward expansion, with particularly concentrated distributions in densely populated areas. The carbon Gini coefficient exhibited an increasing trend, with high-value regions predominantly concentrated in Northeast China, as well as some provinces within Central and Southwest China. The uneven distribution of carbon emissions and human well-being has led to worsening regional carbon inequality. Furthermore, the spatial mismatch between high-carbon emission zones and high human well-being benefit areas has exacerbated nationwide carbon inequality. The research findings provide new insights for exploring the spatial distribution of carbon inequality and also serve as a basis for the formulation of climate policies.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-05-008
中图分类号:X321
引用信息:
[1]杨苗苗,梁小英,马羽赫.中国碳排放不平等的时空格局演变研究[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2025,55(05):1037-1048.DOI:10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2025-05-008.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金(42171256)