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岩体出露裂隙的尺寸是评价岩体稳定性的重要指标。以含出露裂隙岩体为研究对象，通过室内试验分析裂隙尺寸对岩体温度场的影响，给出了划分裂隙边界的依据，基于一维传热理论推导了以岩体温度场、时间与裂隙深度为变量的公式，通过误差计算确定裂隙深度计算公式的适用范围。结果表明：通过辐射热激励的方式加热出露裂隙的岩体表面后，裂隙的隙宽和深度与红外图像中裂隙区域的最低温度相关性显著，且深度为主要影响因素，隙宽的影响系数不足深度影响系数的0.1倍；裂隙出露面积的识别误差可以控制在10%左右，随着隙宽的加宽，识别误差逐渐减小，最小值仅为0.2%;理论公式计算裂隙深度的误差随着加热时间的增加而减少，30 min的加热时长可保证深度40 mm以内的裂隙深度计算误差小于20%,增加加热时长至60 min可使50 mm深度裂隙的计算误差从24.8%降低至6.8%。综上，利用红外热成像技术探测出露裂隙的出露面积与深度具有较高的可行性，对于难以开展接触测量的岩体工程具有重要的应用价值。
Abstract：The size of exposed fractures in rock masses are critical indicators for evaluating rock mass stability. This study focuses on rock masses with exposed fractures, analyzing the impact of fracture size on the rock mass temperature field through laboratory experiments. Criteria for defining fracture boundaries are established, and a formula is derived based on one-dimensional heat transfer theory, using rock mass temperature field, time, and fracture depth as variables. The applicability of the fracture depth calculation formula is determined through error analysis. The results indicate that after heating the surface of exposed fractures using radiative thermal excitation, a significant correlation exists between the fracture width, depth, and the minimum temperature of the fracture area in infrared images. Depth is the primary influencing factor, with the influence coefficient of fracture width being less than 0.1 times that of depth. The identification error for the exposed fracture area can be controlled within approximately 10%. As fracture width increases, the identification error gradually decreases, with the minimum error as low as 0.2%. The error in theoretical formula-based fracture depth calculation decreases with prolonged heating time. Heating for 30 minutes ensures a calculation error of less than 20% for fractures with depths within 40 mm. Extending the heating time to 60 minutes reduces the calculation error for 50 mm depth fractures from 24.8% to 6.8%. In summary, using infrared thermal imaging technology to detect the exposed area and depth of fractures shows high feasibility and holds significant application value for rock mass engineering where contact measurements are challenging.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2026-02-011
中图分类号:TU45
引用信息:
[1]吴艺凡,包含,吕洪涛,等.基于热红外响应的岩体传热分析与裂隙尺寸识别[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2026,56(02):337-349.DOI:10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2026-02-011.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金(42577232); 全国考古人才振兴计划(2024-275); 中国文化遗产研究院开放课题(2025KF04)
2026-04-14
2026-04-14
2026-04-14